Tempura is a beloved Japanese dish known for its light, crispy batter and delicate flavors. Whether served as an appetizer, main course, or part of a larger Japanese feast, tempura captures the essence of balance and simplicity that defines Japanese cuisine. Follow this comprehensive recipe to master the art of tempura at home.
History of Tempura: A Timeless Culinary Tradition
Tempura traces its origins back to the 16th century, introduced to Japan by Portuguese missionaries. Over time, it was adapted and refined, becoming a hallmark of Japanese cuisine. Tempura’s hallmark lies in its perfectly crisp texture achieved through precise techniques. Today, it is enjoyed worldwide, often paired with dipping sauces like tentsuyu or a simple squeeze of lemon.
Recipe Details
Prep Time: 20 minutes
Cook Time: 15 minutes
Cuisine: Japanese
Course: Main Course, Appetizer
Calories: 350 per serving (varies with ingredients)
Servings: 4
Ingredients for Authentic Japanese Tempura
For the Tempura Batter
- 1 cup (120g) all-purpose flour (preferably low-gluten)
- 1 cup (240ml) ice-cold water
- 1 large egg
- Pinch of salt
For the Tempura Frying
- 2–3 cups vegetable oil (such as canola, sunflower, or peanut oil)
- 1–2 tablespoons potato or cornstarch (optional for extra crispiness)
Vegetables (Optional: Pick your favorites)
- Sweet potato (thinly sliced)
- Eggplant (cut into wedges)
- Carrot (julienned or sliced)
- Bell peppers (sliced into strips)
- Shiitake mushrooms
Seafood
- Shrimp (peeled and deveined, tails left intact)
- White fish fillets (cod, haddock, or flounder, cut into bite-sized pieces)
- Squid rings
Optional Garnishes
- Grated daikon radish
- Lemon wedges
For the Dipping Sauce (Tentsuyu)
- 1 cup (240ml) dashi stock
- 2 tablespoons soy sauce
- 2 tablespoons mirin
- 1 teaspoon grated ginger (optional)
Step-by-Step Instructions to Make Japanese Tempura
Step 1: Prepare the Ingredients
- Cut the vegetables and seafood into uniform, bite-sized pieces for even cooking.
- Pat all ingredients dry using a paper towel to prevent the batter from becoming soggy.
- Chill the prepared vegetables and seafood in the refrigerator while preparing the batter.
Step 2: Prepare the Dipping Sauce
- Combine dashi stock, soy sauce, and mirin in a small saucepan.
- Heat gently over medium-low heat for 3–4 minutes. Do not boil.
- Remove from heat and set aside. Add grated ginger or daikon radish for additional flavor.
Step 3: Make the Tempura Batter
- In a medium bowl, beat the egg lightly.
- Add ice-cold water to the egg, mixing gently.
- Gradually sift the flour into the mixture, folding it in gently with chopsticks or a fork. Avoid overmixing; lumps are okay, as they contribute to the light texture.
- If desired, add a pinch of cornstarch for added crispiness.
- Place the bowl of batter over a larger bowl filled with ice to keep it chilled during frying.
Step 4: Heat the Oil
- Pour vegetable oil into a deep frying pan or pot, ensuring a depth of about 2–3 inches.
- Heat the oil to 350–375°F (175–190°C). Use a kitchen thermometer for accuracy.
- Test the oil by dropping a small dollop of batter in; it should sizzle and float to the top immediately.
Step 5: Fry the Tempura
- Remove the ingredients from the fridge.
- Lightly dust the seafood and vegetables with flour to help the batter adhere.
- Dip each item into the batter, letting the excess drip off.
- Carefully lower the battered ingredient into the hot oil, frying in small batches to prevent overcrowding.
- Fry for 2–3 minutes or until the tempura turns golden and crispy. Avoid over-frying to preserve the delicate texture.
- Remove with a slotted spoon and place on a wire rack or paper towel-lined tray to drain excess oil.
Step 6: Serve the Tempura
- Arrange the tempura on a platter.
- Serve hot with dipping sauce on the side.
- Garnish with grated daikon radish or lemon wedges for added brightness.
Conclusion: Mastering Tempura at Home
Crispy, golden, and irresistibly light, Japanese tempura is a dish that brings the flavors and traditions of Japan to your kitchen. With careful attention to technique and ingredient quality, you can achieve restaurant-quality results at home. Whether you’re hosting a dinner party or treating yourself to a special meal, tempura is sure to impress.